Print notes

If it is to print... then it is seen to be true
It is correct. It is factual

• Print can be seen in the prehistoric age, Sumerian era in 3000BC where man would carve out a bone and blow animal blood over the top of their hand leaving a print of their hand on the walls.
• Processes developed with in China through the creation of paper in 105AD by Ts'ai Lun. The paper was made by using the plant 'hemp', beating it into a pulp which would be mixed with water, drained through a cloth screen.
• Japanese wood cuts emerged in the middle of the 18th century, known as Ukiyo-e.
  The process of woodcut used in the early stage of its development was argued to have used a process called 'Chiaroscuro' wood cut. This process involves the design to be separated into several blocks that each would print a different colour.
  Ukiyo-e translates to 'pictures of the floating world' or can be interpreted to mean 'common people' and 'picture'. It was thought that the prints portrayed the everyday life of a city called Kyoto.
  Ukiyo-e prints were first black and white, as the process adopted colour into the work, they became more popular and were made into pieces of work that were similar to postcards.
  As trades with the western world reopened in 1853, the movement 'Japonisme' was born, as famous artists such as Edgar Degas, Vincent Van Gogh, Mary Cassatt and Pierre Bonnard became inspired and absorbed elements into their work. Wood cuts can be linked to relief printing, other forms of print which link to this are Lino prints and Colliograph. Another process that can be linked also is Chine Colle. Chine Colle process begins with wetting the surface of india paper with water soluble paste and is cut to the exact size of the printing plate. This process is mainly used with in elements of collage and other printing techniques such as etching or lino cuts.
  
  

  

  Mary Cassatt

  

  Yuji Hiratsuka - Chine Colle

•  The Gutenberg press, (Printing press, Letterpress) was created in 1452 by a German goldsmith, Gutenberg. This revolutionised the era through the publication of printed type. Typecasts were made through the use of hand carved woodcuts which developed into sturdier metal casts. Gutenberg also created an oil based ink to stick top the metal/wood moulds of type. The letterpress needed at least 20 people to help work the machine, change the woodcuts, change the paper etc. The letterpress was an expensive process and the first book it printed was a bible for the monks, in which they would slave most of their life making copies of the bible in such delicate detail whereas the letterpress was a far more efficient process to replicate the bible
•  The amount of printed books rose to over 1,000,000,000 over the span of 3 years (to the 18th century). 
• Mass Communication in Print, war propaganda, Russian Constructivism, Dada and even Pop art.
  Printed in digital means with in newspapers, magazines, billboards, flyers